Gentrification—the transformation of neighborhoods by many incoming buyers and visitors—can often increase the cost of living in a community, or worse, lead to the displacement of local residents.
Costa Rica, with its lush landscapes and vibrant culture, is not immune to this phenomenon. While the influx of foreigners has been a boon for the national economy, the benefits are not widely distributed, and local communities are often left worse off. According to The Tico Times, foreign investors are buying land at prices inaccessible to locals, displacing communities with rising real estate prices, and creating environmental issues, like water shortages in Tamarindo and Nosara.
The problem is particularly acute in Guanacaste. A local publication from this province describes what many locals are currently experiencing: “You see developers taking over community aqueducts, and that there is water for real estate developments, but when you open the tap, nothing comes out. You begin to see illegal constructions in full maritime-terrestrial zones and in plain sight of the municipality, you realize that the sewage is reaching the sea and that nearby businesses start charging you in dollars and prescribing menus in English.”
While some benefits like improved infrastructure and job creation occur, the profits largely favor outsiders, leaving local residents facing higher living costs and a changing community landscape. In short, this goes against the sustainable tourism Costa Rica wishes to promote.
We believe that both greater awareness from visitors and action from local authorities are needed to address these inequities. As a traveler, there are several ways you can help mitigate the negative impacts of gentrification while enjoying your visit.
Here are some practical tips to ensure your travels are both enjoyable and respectful to local communities.
- Choose Accommodations That Are Properly Licensed And Registered
Especially in popular beach towns like Nosara, Tamarindo and Santa Teresa, it is essential to look for licensed and properly registered hotels, guesthouses, and vacation rentals that directly support the local economy. These options also provide more authentic experiences, comply with tax laws and contribute officially to the community’s financial well-being.
Recommendations:
- Boutique Hotels: Look for small, independent hotels that showcase local culture and traditions.
- Licensed short-term rentals: There are many unlicensed or “unofficial” short-term rentals in Costa Rica, which is why you should ensure that the listing complies with the law. If you book through a platform like Airbnb, Vrbo or Booking, check if they are officially registered with the ICT (Costa Rica’s Tourism Institute). Otherwise, the property might not be paying rental income taxes or VAT, which both reduces the housing supply and puts the local community at a disadvantage.
2. Support Local Businesses
Frequenting locally owned restaurants, shops, and markets helps sustain the livelihoods of the community’s residents. This ensures that your spending benefits the community rather than large, international chains.
Recommendations:
- Eat Local: Choose eateries that use locally-sourced ingredients and traditional recipes.
- Shop Local: Buy arts and crafts from local artisans and craftspeople to support their work.
3. Participate in Community-Based Tourism
Community-based tourism initiatives allow travelers to experience the local culture and environment while directly benefiting the community. These initiatives often include guided tours, cultural workshops, and eco-friendly activities.
Recommendations:
- Guided Tours: Opt for tours led by local guides who can provide insights into the culture and history of the area.
- Cultural Workshops: Participate in cooking classes, traditional craft workshops, or dance lessons offered by locals.
4. Learn About the Country’s Issues, Culture and History
Taking the time to learn about Costa Rica’s history, culture and present issues (sustainability, housing, cost of living, economic opportunity) helps foster respect and understanding of the environmental, social and economic context. This awareness can guide your interactions and decisions, with consideration for the local way of life.
Recommendations:
- Read some news: There are several English-language news sites (such as The Tico Times) to help you gain a deeper understanding of the country’s situation.
- Language: Learning a few phrases in Spanish can go a long way in showing respect and connecting with locals.
5. Volunteer and Give Back
Volunteering your time or resources can make a meaningful impact. Look for reputable organizations that work towards community development, environmental conservation, or social causes in Costa Rica.
If you’re interested in donating to a particular cause, this guide by Amigos Of Costa Rica is a great resource to find organizations doing important work in the country.
Recommendations:
- Environmental Conservation: Donate to efforts to protect Costa Rica’s diverse ecosystems through beach clean-ups, reforestation projects, or wildlife conservation.
- Community Projects: Participate in initiatives that support education, healthcare, housing, or infrastructure development in local communities.
6. Be Mindful of Your Impact
Consider the environmental and social impacts of your travel choices. Practice sustainable tourism by minimizing waste and litter, conserving resources, and respecting local customs and traditions.
Recommendations:
- Sustainable Practices: Reduce plastic use, conserve water, and respect wildlife habitats.
- Cultural Sensitivity: Be aware of local customs and be respectful of cultural differences.
7. Advocate for Responsible Tourism
Use your voice to advocate for responsible tourism practices. Share your experiences and the importance of supporting local communities with fellow travelers and through social media.
Recommendations:
- Social Media: Consider highlighting local businesses and responsible tourism practices on your social media platforms.
- Reviews: Leave positive reviews for local businesses and responsible tourism initiatives to encourage others to support them.
Final Thoughts
By making conscious choices, travelers can play a crucial role in reducing the effects of gentrification in Costa Rica.
Supporting licensed accommodations and local businesses, donating to charitable initiatives, participating in community-based tourism, and advocating for responsible travel practices can help preserve the rich culture and vibrant communities that make Costa Rica a unique destination.
Together, we can ensure that tourism benefits both travelers and the local population, fostering a more sustainable and equitable growth.
